A hemorrhagic stroke is typically the most deadly and debilitating form of stroke, occurring in nearly two million people every year. Historically, it’s been treated by allowing the brain to bleed until hemorrhaging has subsided, leaving few recovery options for patients. About half of the individuals who suffer a hemorrhagic stroke die within 30 days.

But that could be changing—all thanks to a leading-edge stroke treatment that’s giving patients new hope.

After several years of the ENRICH (Early MiNimally-invasive Removal of ICH) trial, neurosurgeons were able to show positive results with improved outcomes for hemorrhagic stroke patients, and the results were shared at the 2023 American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) annual meeting. The results were presented by representatives from Emory University and the NICO Corporation. Four current Goodman Campbell physicians, led by Dr. Charles G. Kulwin, participated in the trial. It involved 300 stroke patients at 37 treatment centers across the United States.

During the trial, the BrainPath device—a tool used to help surgeons get to the site of bleeding—carefully moved through the delicate folds and fibers of the brain. The BrainPath gently shifts the tissue to create a path to the site of the bleeding. Once there, the Myriad device, an automated suction and resection tool, can remove clotting.

These results were part of a stroke treatment trial in which surgeons hoped to improve the standard of care for hemorrhagic strokes beyond just waiting out the bleed.

“Goodman Campbell was one of the earliest sites and one of the largest contributors to the study,” said Dr. Kulwin. “Our hope is that this will finally take a difficult problem … and provide solid evidence that there is a correct way to manage it surgically.”

“Only a quarter of survivors get back to independence in the months following the stroke. A safe and effective way of operating on a hemorrhage by minimally invasive means has the potential to change the way we give care and save lives.”

We are proud to be part of this historical moment in stroke treatment, and we look forward to using this method to help save and improve the lives of our patients. We also look forward to continuing to find new, innovative ways to advance the field of neurosurgery. You can read more about the clinical trial here.

Goodman Campbell started way back in 1972, with the incorporation of the Indianapolis Neurosurgical Group established by Drs. Julius Goodman and John Russell.

Since then, we’ve pioneered new techniques in Indiana, such as the first microscopic discectomy, the first intracranial tumor embolization, and the first endoscopic placement of a VP shunt.

We’ve transformed ourselves by adding new disciplines—like interventional stroke care, minimally-invasive spinal surgery, interventional pain management, physical therapy, research, and education. We’ve steadily grown both our practice and our reputation, and we’ve never once looked back.   

That is, until now.

This year, Goodman Campbell is turning 50 years old. Reaching that milestone has made us pause and reflect on our first half-century—and we could use your help documenting it.

If you’ve got photos, we’d love to see them. If you’ve got cards or notes, we’ll be glad to read them. If you have recordings, we’d be thrilled to hear them. If you’ve got videos, we can’t wait to watch them. Basically, if you’ve got anything at all that will help us expand our historical archives, we’ll be grateful for your assistance.

Visit our 50^th Anniversary page now to submit your digitized photos or videos—or just to type in a favorite memory.

Don’t have access to a scanner? We’re still interested in what you have to share. Give us a call at 317.396.1300, and we’ll do what we can to make your Goodman Campbell memories last forever.

Until last August, Kelli McLaughlin of Carmel was living her life like normal. She was raising her four children with her husband, Ryan, volunteering for different causes, and managing two locations of her boutique shop, Clothes With a Cause, which donates proceeds to different charities throughout the year. 

That month, Kelli started noticing odd, neurological symptoms and sensations in her body. She took a trip to the ER in early September and doctors didn’t find anything then. She returned later that month with her husband on their anniversary, because the sensations she was experiencing were very strong and interfering with normal tasks. 

The sensations would be diagnosed as focal seizures, so brain scans were taken and they revealed Kelli had a tumor. Goodman Campbell neurosurgeon Dr. Troy Payner was assigned to Kelli’s case, and after close examination and tests, he delivered the news that she had glioblastoma, a rare brain cancer with no known cure. Ironically, Dr. Payner treated her father for several meningiomas 16 years ago.

“It took me about a month to wrap my head around my new situation. I was in complete disbelief because there were no warning signs whatsoever,” said Kelli. “But Dr. Payner and I instantly hit it off—I liked him when I met him years ago, and I like him now! My entire care team has been wonderful; they are great advocates and have helped me navigate every aspect of this process.”

Glioblastoma, a cancerous and incurable brain tumor, occurs in 3 out of 100,000 United States citizens annually. The median age of those diagnosed is 64.

Goodman Campbell treats roughly 50 cases each year. Symptoms and their severity vary with each person, but in general they include: headaches, seizures, nausea/vomiting, difficulty with speech, blurry vision, weakness on one side, confusion, or lethargy—more on signs, symptoms, and treatments here.

“Glioblastoma is the most common primary tumor to occur in the brain and it’s unfortunately cancerous. Despite tremendous research being done, we don’t have a cure. The goal of all treatments is to control the tumor as long as possible,” said Dr. Payner. 

After the initial removal of the tumor, Kelli elected to start chemotherapy and radiation treatments, and wears an FDA-approved cap that helps slow tumor cells from replicating. Dr. Payner describes her as “an extremely ambitious woman who has an unflappable positive mental attitude.” Kathy Butz, a nurse on her care team, says that Kelli is very involved in her health care decisions, is open about her disease, and has a service-oriented heart.

“I don’t want to quit, I want to live. I’m committed to tackling this head-on, because I don’t see any other options,” Kelli said. “I feel like my purpose here is to make this place better than I found it, and help the next family that experiences something like this.”

All of that shows in Kelli’s drive to help her community, despite her diagnosis and side effects from treatments. Along with her support network of friends and family, she recently organized the first “Kegs ‘N Eggs 5K” fundraising event. In addition to raising awareness for this disease, they successfully collected over $50,000 to help connect families going through a similar situation to available resources and treatments.

“I am so thankful for the great turnout and beautiful weather we had for the First Annual Kelli’s Kegs N Eggs 5K! Glioblastoma research is one of the most under-funded of all cancers, and it is my goal to change this,” said Kelli. “We want to raise awareness of this horrible disease and raise funds to ensure that other families do not have to suffer this terrible blow as we had to. It can be done and I firmly believe that there is a cure on the horizon.”

Jay and his family live in Indianapolis in a house that’s been in the family for several generations. Though his kids have grown, Jay looks back on a life in which sports and physical activity—whether on his own, with friends or with his wife and kids—have played a huge role.

Being active has been important not only physically and socially for Jay, but also mentally. When he’s not able get out and move regularly, it takes an emotional toll. “I need to be active, or I’m no fun to be around,” he said.

Because he’s been so active, he’s had his share of injuries; After battling back trouble on and off for years, Jay had gone six years with no significant problems when suddenly, while sitting on the sofa with his dog Agnes, his right leg went numb, became weak and wouldn’t wake back up.

He sought help from Dr. Mobasser at Goodman Campbell. “Dr. Mobasser sent me for an MRI and X-rays of my back to assess my spine,” Jay said. “It was a wreck. He said I needed to have this surgery, as I was developing nerve damage in my right leg. Dr. Mobasser made it clear that my condition was irreversible without surgery and would continue to get progressively worse. I was facing the rest of my life with a brace on my foot.”

Dr. Mobasser fused five vertebrae and freed up all the nerves being compressed at each of these levels. Having had some experience with knee surgeries, Jay was expecting a tough recovery, and Dr. Mobasser himself warned Jay that the recovery process from a multi-level lumbar spine surgery could be extremely difficult for the first few post-operative months.

His experience, however, was anything but difficult. “I feel incredibly lucky,” Jay said. “I never really had any pain. I sat right up and walked to a chair; I was walking the halls that same afternoon.”

He was in the hospital for less than two days. “The follow-up was great,” Jay said, “though it turned out I didn’t need it. They called once a week, just to make sure I was doing okay, and the next time I saw Dr. Mobasser was at my one-month checkup.”

“I’m back to living a normal life,” Jay said. “I’m biking, I’m walking, I’m playing with the dog. But you know, beyond that, it’s all the little things. Sleeping through the night. Getting dressed without having to contort myself. Even now, more than a year later, I’ll find myself doing something that used to be painful or difficult or impossible before the surgery, and it’s just such a relief to have that part of my life back. I credit Dr. Mobasser and Goodman Campbell with making that happen.”

You may be a good candidate for spinal cord stimulation if you have chronic nerve-related pain that hasn’t responded to conservative care and you’re open to a short trial period first.

If you’ve been living with chronic pain and searching for answers, you may have come across spinal cord stimulation (SCS) as a potential treatment option. However, many patients we meet are unsure whether they’re even a spinal cord stimulation candidate.

At Goodman Campbell, our goal is to make that clearer. Through our interventional pain management services, we help patients understand when this advanced option may be appropriate — and when it’s not. Our team combines the expertise of interventional pain management physicians and neurosurgeons to evaluate both simple and complex spine-related conditions.

Spinal cord stimulation is a form of neuromodulation that works by interrupting pain signals before they reach the brain. A small device, called a spinal cord stimulator, delivers gentle electrical impulses to the nervous system, helping reduce the perception of pain.

Rather than masking symptoms, SCS targets how pain signals are processed. It’s typically considered only after more conservative treatments — such as physical therapy, nerve blocks, and injections — have not provided lasting pain relief. Explore a more comprehensive overview of spine care treatments at Goodman Campbell.

When you meet with an interventional pain physician at Goodman Campbell, we take a comprehensive look at your medical history, treatment history, and overall health. We evaluate your pattern of chronic pain symptoms, the type of persistent pain you’re experiencing, and how it affects your daily life.

A psychological evaluation is also part of the process, ensuring that a candidate for spinal cord stimulation is well positioned for success. These steps help us determine if we recommend spinal cord stimulation and whether it aligns with your goals for chronic pain relief.

Viable candidates for spinal cord stimulation can find themselves in a variety of circumstances before considering the procedure. Below are five common situations.

Spinal cord stimulation is not a first step. Most patients we see have already worked through more conservative treatments, including physical therapy and injection-based therapies (e.g., epidural steroid injections, nerve blocks, etc.)

If you’ve exhausted conservative treatment options without meaningful or lasting improvement, you may be a stronger spinal cord stimulation candidate. At Goodman Campbell, our team ensures that appropriate nonsurgical options have been fully explored before moving forward.

Conditions like failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) — persistent pain following spinal surgery — are among the most common reasons we recommend spinal cord stimulation.

Also known as post-laminectomy syndrome, this type of refractory pain often involves ongoing chronic back pain, sciatica, or leg pain after surgery. In many cases, additional surgery does not resolve the issue. Spinal cord stimulation offers a minimally invasive procedure that can provide meaningful pain relief without reopening the spine. When structural issues remain, Goodman Campbell may perform a microdiscectomy, but generally, SCS is utilized to address cases where further surgery isn’t the right next step.

Spinal cord stimulation is particularly effective for neuropathic pain, which originates from nerve damage.

This includes conditions such as:

These conditions often involve numbness, tingling sensations, and abnormal pain signaling. Because SCS works directly on those pain signals, it can be a powerful tool when other treatments fall short.

At Goodman Campbell, we commonly use SCS for failed back surgery syndrome, CRPS, peripheral neuropathy, sciatica, peripheral neuropathy, and other forms of chronic pain that are not amenable to further surgical correction.

Spinal cord stimulation relieves chronic nerve-related pain; it does not open a narrowed spinal canal or correct structural compression. When stenosis is the root cause, we first evaluate whether decompressive treatment is appropriate.

When persistent pain begins to control your life — affecting sleep, work, movement, or social activities — it may be time to consider a different approach.

The goal of spinal cord stimulation isn’t just to reduce discomfort. It’s also to restore function, improve quality of life, and help you get back to the activities that matter most to you.

One of the most unique aspects of SCS is the spinal cord stimulator trial.

Before any permanent implantation, patients undergo a 5-10 day trial period (or trial run) using temporary leads placed in the epidural space. This allows you to experience the potential benefits firsthand.

During the trial, the temporary leads connect to an external trial stimulator you wear outside the body, typically for about 5 to 10 days. We generally consider the trial a success when it delivers roughly 50% or greater pain reduction, along with meaningful gains in function and comfort. Because nothing is permanently implanted at this stage, the trial and the device are removable and reversible.

If the trial is successful — meaning you achieve meaningful pain relief — we move forward with permanent placement. If not, the leads are removed. This built-in evaluation step makes SCS a lower-risk option and a strong indicator of long-term success.

Spinal cord stimulation is not the right fit for everyone, and part of a caring evaluation is recognizing when it should be avoided. 

You may not be a candidate for spinal cord stimulation if you have an active infection, an unmanaged bleeding disorder, or a health profile that makes you a poor surgical risk. Other reasons we may recommend a different path include an inability to operate the device, an unresolved significant psychological condition, pregnancy, or a trial that did not provide meaningful relief. 

In these situations, we work with you to explore safer, more appropriate options.

If your trial provides meaningful relief, we move forward with permanent implantation. During this minimally invasive procedure, we place the permanent leads and a small generator, which is typically positioned just beneath the skin. Programming is tailored to your pain pattern, and the settings can be adjusted over time as your needs change.

In appropriately selected patients, published evidence shows that many people maintain meaningful, durable pain relief and improved function after permanent implantation, which is why the trial period is such an important step in choosing the right candidates.

If you’re wondering whether you might be a candidate for spinal cord stimulation, that curiosity is a great place to start. At Goodman Campbell, our interventional pain physicians work closely with our neurosurgeons to ensure every patient receives a thoughtful, individualized evaluation. Just as important, both patients and referring providers have direct access to their Goodman Campbell care team, making it easier to ask questions, stay informed, and feel confident every step of the way.

We’re also proud to be a national leader in SCS research, including active trials in neuromodulation and leading enrollment in the Abbott T2P study across seven national sites — bringing advanced pain management options directly to our patients.

If you’re ready to take the next step, call us or request an appointment here.

You may be a spinal cord stimulator candidate if you have chronic nerve-related pain that hasn’t responded to conservative care, your pain significantly limits daily life, and you’re willing to try a short trial period first. The best way to know is through a comprehensive evaluation with our interventional pain physicians, which includes your medical and treatment history and a psychological evaluation. This is how we determine which patients are the best candidates for spinal cord stimulation.

Spinal cord stimulation may not be appropriate if you have an active infection, an unmanaged bleeding disorder, an inability to operate the device, an unresolved significant psychological condition, poor surgical risk, or pregnancy, or if a trial did not provide meaningful relief. Understanding who is not a candidate for spinal cord stimulation helps us guide you toward safer, more effective options.

No. Spinal cord stimulation relieves chronic nerve-related pain; it does not open a narrowed spinal canal or correct structural compression. When stenosis is the root cause, we first evaluate whether decompressive treatment is appropriate.

During the spinal cord stimulator trial, we place temporary leads in the epidural space and connect them to an external trial stimulator you wear outside the body. You go about your normal routine so you can experience the potential relief firsthand. If it delivers meaningful pain reduction, we move forward with permanent implantation; if not, the leads are simply removed.

The trial typically lasts about 5 to 10 days. Success is generally judged by roughly 50% or greater pain reduction, along with meaningful improvement in function and comfort.

Yes. A spinal cord stimulator for peripheral neuropathy can be an effective option, and the therapy is cleared for painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Because SCS works directly on how pain signals are processed, it can help when other treatments have fallen short.

Yes. Spinal cord stimulation is designed to be reversible. The trial device is fully removable, and even a permanent system can be turned off or removed if it no longer meets your needs.

If you’ve been living with chronic pain and still don’t have clear answers, you’re not alone. Many patients come to us after trying physical therapy or other treatments without lasting relief. That’s where interventional pain management and our interventional pain management services can make a real difference, not just by easing symptoms, but by helping identify the exact source of your pain.

At Goodman Campbell, nerve blocks are part of a precise, evidence-based diagnostic process. Our aim is to uncover the root cause of your pain, not merely mask it.

In plain terms, a nerve block is a small, targeted injection of numbing medication placed near a specific nerve. Nerve blocks can serve two important purposes: they can help identify the source of your pain and, when used therapeutically, provide targeted pain relief. When we use a nerve block to pinpoint where your pain is coming from, we call it a diagnostic nerve block. When the goal is to reduce pain and improve function, it is considered a therapeutic nerve block. Both approaches are valuable tools in interventional pain care and can help guide a treatment plan tailored to your needs. 

The mechanism is simple. We place a local anesthetic right next to a specific nerve, and that medication temporarily numbs the nerve so it stops relaying pain signals to your brain. If your usual pain quiets down while the anesthetic is working, that nerve or the structure it serves is very likely the culprit. If nothing changes, we’ve learned something just as valuable and keep looking.

A diagnostic nerve block is a targeted nerve block injection used as a diagnostic tool. Instead of simply providing pain relief, it serves as a diagnostic tool that helps your care team determine which nerve, joint, or spinal structure may be causing your symptoms. 

In many cases, a spine surgeon may recommend a diagnostic nerve block when imaging studies and physical examination findings do not tell the full story. The information gained from the injection can help confirm whether a specific area is responsible for your pain and may play an important role in treatment planning, including determining whether surgery is likely to address your symptoms. 

Using imaging guidance, an interventional pain management physician places a small amount of local anesthetic at a precise injection site, near a specific nerve or affected nerve. If your pain improves, it tells us that the nerve is likely responsible for sending those pain signals.

A therapeutic nerve block is designed to provide longer-lasting pain relief and help reduce inflammation.

A diagnostic nerve block, on the other hand, is about clarity. It helps answer questions such as:

Often, both approaches work together as part of a larger treatment plan.

Pain doesn’t always originate where you feel it. For example, nerve pain in the hip may actually stem from the spinal column. By temporarily interrupting pain messages along a particular nerve, we can see how your body responds. If your symptoms improve, we’ve likely identified the exact source.

This is exactly why a nerve block for back pain or stubborn hip discomfort can be so revealing. Pain felt in the hip or buttock often traces back to an irritated nerve root or facet joint in the spine, and a diagnostic block helps us confirm where it truly begins so we treat the real source rather than the symptom.

This is especially helpful in chronic back pain diagnosis, where multiple structures, such as discs, joints, or peripheral nerves, may be involved.

Your nerve block results guide the next steps:

Either way, the information moves your care forward.

We also look for an objective benchmark, not just a general sense of “better.” A positive diagnostic block is typically judged by a marked reduction in pain during the anesthetic’s window. Little or no relief redirects our search to another structure, which is just as important a finding.

There are several types of nerve blocks we use in interventional spine care, including:

Each is chosen based on your symptoms and suspected pain conditions.

These procedures are performed on an outpatient basis, so you can go home the same day. We’ll ask you to track your symptoms closely. Specifically, we want to understand how much relief you feel, how long it lasts, and how it affects your daily activities. This feedback is critical in shaping your treatment options.

This information is an important part of the diagnostic process. Your response to the injection helps confirm whether a specific nerve, joint, or other spinal structure is responsible for your pain and helps guide the most appropriate treatment plan. 

In some cases, we may recommend additional nerve blocks to confirm findings or further refine your spine pain diagnosis.

Diagnostic nerve blocks are among the most established procedures in interventional pain care, and they’re considered very safe when performed by an experienced team. Because we use only a small amount of local anesthetic placed precisely under imaging guidance, side effects tend to be mild and temporary, and may include brief soreness at the injection site or short-lived numbness or weakness in the area while the anesthetic is active. 

As with any injection, less common risks include minor bleeding, infection, or a reaction to the medication, which is one more reason it matters who performs your block and how carefully the site is prepared.

Here’s what to expect: the visit is quick and done on an outpatient basis, we numb the skin first, and you head home the same day. From there, your job is simply to notice how your body responds so we can turn that feedback into a clear plan. You can learn more about the full range of our spine care and how a diagnostic block fits into it. 

Yes. In some cases, diagnostic nerve blocks are used to help determine whether surgery is likely to address the source of a patient’s symptoms. 

If a nerve block provides significant relief, it can help confirm that a specific nerve root, joint, or spinal structure is the pain generator. This information gives your care team greater confidence in recommending the most appropriate treatment, whether that involves continued conservative care, interventional pain management, or surgery. 

Precision matters.

Our interventional team has highly specialized training in the neck, spine, and nervous system, providing extensive, focused expertise. We understand how every structure in the spine connects and can contribute to pain.

We’re also proud to offer world-class neurosurgery expertise right here in Indiana, meaning that you don’t have to travel far for advanced care. As a global leader in back and spine care, we treat everything from straightforward cases to complex spine conditions. Our approach is backed by proven patient outcomes and efficacy data, and because you have direct access to our team, your care stays coordinated, clear, and focused on results.

If you’re ready to move beyond uncertainty and understand what’s truly causing your pain, Goodman Campbell is here to help. Request an appointment with our spine team to take the next step toward answers and lasting relief.

No. A diagnostic nerve block is a diagnostic tool, not a structural cure. It localizes and confirms the source of your pain and can offer temporary relief while the local anesthetic is active, but it doesn’t remove structural compression like a disc pressing on a nerve root.

Yes. Pain doesn’t always originate where you feel it, and hip or buttock pain frequently stems from an irritated nerve root or facet joint in the lower spine. A diagnostic nerve block helps us tell true hip-joint pain from spine-referred pain so we can treat the real source.

Most patients tolerate the procedure well. We numb the skin first, use imaging guidance for precise placement, and the injection itself is brief. You may feel a quick pinch or some pressure. It’s an outpatient procedure, and you go home the same day.

You’ll often notice how you respond within the first hours, while the local anesthetic is active. We ask you to track how much relief you feel, how long it lasts, and how it affects your daily activities, and then we review that feedback together to plan your next step.

If you’ve been dealing with neck pain for more than a few days, it’s natural to wonder: Is neck pain serious? The good news is that many cases are caused by muscle strain, poor posture, or overuse and improve with time. However, some symptoms can signal a more significant problem involving the cervical spine.

Understanding the difference between routine discomfort and serious neck pain can help you decide when to see a doctor for neck pain and whether your symptoms require specialist evaluation.

Many people struggle to determine when they’re suffering from a stiff neck vs. nerve pain. In many cases, everyday neck pain is caused by muscle strain related to posture, sleeping position, tension, or overuse. This type of pain is typically limited to the neck, feels sore or stiff, and gradually improves on its own over days or weeks.

Structural cervical spine conditions are different. Rather than involving muscles alone, these problems affect the discs, nerves, or spinal cord within the neck. When a nerve root becomes compressed, symptoms often extend beyond the neck and into the shoulder, arm, or hand.

When the spinal cord becomes compressed, symptoms may include hand weakness or difficulty with coordination and fine motor tasks, as well as problems with balance, walking, and even leg function.

Understanding this distinction is important. Muscle-related neck pain is often self-resolving. Structural conditions involving nerve compression or spinal cord involvement are less likely to improve without targeted treatment and often require specialist evaluation.

One of the most common concerns we hear is about neck pain that won’t go away. If symptoms persist for more than a few weeks, continue to worsen, or interfere with daily activities, it may be time for a medical evaluation.

You should seek care sooner if you experience pain radiating into the arm, weakness, numbness, tingling, or changes in coordination.

Recognizing neck pain red flags can help you determine whether your symptoms may be related to a structural cervical spine problem.

One of the most common serious neck pain symptoms is neck pain radiating to the arm, shoulder, or hand. This may indicate cervical radiculopathy, a condition caused by compression of a nerve root in the neck.

Common cervical radiculopathy symptoms include arm pain, burning sensations, weakness, and tingling that travels into the hand or fingers.

If you begin dropping objects, struggle with hand coordination, or notice increasing arm weakness, the problem may involve more than a single nerve. These symptoms may indicate ongoing nerve compression and should not be ignored. 

Particularly concerning are cervical myelopathy warning signs such as difficulty walking, balance changes, leg weakness, clumsiness, or loss of coordination. These symptoms may indicate cervical myelopathy caused by spinal cord compression and require prompt neurosurgical evaluation.

Neck pain following a fall, accident, or other trauma should also be evaluated, as it may indicate a fracture or ligament injury.

Finally, severe neck stiffness accompanied by fever and a severe headache could indicate meningitis and requires emergency medical care.

When neck pain begins to radiate to your arm, it often means a nerve is being irritated or compressed. Common causes include a herniated disc or age-related changes that narrow the spaces around the nerves.

Because nerves control both sensation and muscle function, compression can cause pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or a combination of symptoms. Treating the underlying cause is often more effective than simply addressing symptoms.

Neck pain may warrant neurosurgical evaluation when symptoms or imaging suggest nerve root compression, spinal cord compression, cervical myelopathy, a herniated disc, or another structural cervical spine condition.

Interventional pain physicians can play an important role in helping patients manage certain chronic neck pain conditions that do not involve significant structural compression. However, structural problems affecting the spinal cord or nerve roots require a different kind of expertise. Conditions such as spinal cord compression and cervical myelopathy require neurosurgical evaluation because the goal is not symptom management but rather addressing the underlying cause of neurological dysfunction.

At Goodman Campbell, our neurosurgeons are trained to treat both simple and complex cervical spine conditions, including many that extend beyond the scope of orthopedic specialists or general practitioners. We evaluate the entire cervical spine, identify the root cause of symptoms, and develop treatment plans focused on long-term function and quality of life.

Many patients do not require surgery. Depending on the diagnosis, treatment may include physical therapy and other conservative approaches, including interventional pain management. When surgery is appropriate, our team offers advanced cervical spine procedures, including anterior cervical discetomy and fusion (ACDF), cervical disc arthroplasty, and minimally invasive options, when appropriate. 

Our patients benefit from having access to a world-class neurosurgery team right here in Indiana. We provide direct access to our care team and treatment supported by extensive patient outcomes data.

If you’re concerned about ongoing neck pain, arm symptoms, or possible signs of nerve or spinal cord compression, request an appointment directly online.

Severe neck pain can be alarming, especially when it appears suddenly, persists for weeks, or interferes with everyday activities. While many cases of neck discomfort are caused by temporary muscle strain, severe pain may sometimes indicate an underlying condition affecting the spine, discs, nerves, or surrounding structures. Understanding the most common causes of severe neck pain can help you recognize when symptoms may require professional evaluation and treatment.

Most people experience neck pain from time to time. A poor sleeping position, a long day at a desk, or an awkward movement can leave your neck feeling stiff and sore for a few days.

However, some severe neck pain causes are very different from ordinary muscle strain.

When pain becomes intense, persistent, progressively worse, or accompanied by neurological symptoms, it may indicate a structural problem involving the discs, nerves, joints, or spinal cord.

Many patients with severe neck pain wonder whether they’re dealing with a simple strain or something more serious. Understanding the difference is important because structural conditions often require a different evaluation and treatment approach than temporary muscle soreness.

For many people, neck pain is caused by strained muscles, irritated soft tissues, or temporary inflammation. This type of discomfort often improves within a few days or weeks and tends to stay localized to the neck and upper shoulders.

Structural problems are different. When a disc, nerve, or the spinal cord becomes involved, symptoms often become more persistent, more severe, or begin affecting other parts of the body. Structural problems are more likely when symptoms persist, recur frequently, or are accompanied by numbness, weakness, balance changes, or pain that travels beyond the neck.

While these symptoms do not always indicate a serious condition, they may suggest that the problem extends beyond ordinary muscle soreness and warrants further evaluation. The longer neurological symptoms continue, the more important it becomes to identify the underlying cause and determine whether nerve or spinal root compression is present.

Some neck pain red flags should never be ignored, including:

These symptoms may indicate spinal cord involvement and should be evaluated promptly.

Several conditions can cause significant neck pain, and the correct diagnosis depends on identifying the underlying structural problem.

A herniated disc occurs when one of the discs between the vertebrae in the neck bulges or ruptures, placing pressure on a nearby nerve. This is one of the most common causes of severe neck pain and may also cause pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness that travels into the shoulder, arm, or hand.

Cervical spinal stenosis refers to a narrowing of the spaces within the spinal canal. As that space becomes smaller, nerves or the spinal cord can become compressed. Stenosis often develops gradually as part of the aging process and may cause neck pain, arm symptoms, balance problems, or walking difficulties.

Cervical spondylosis is the age-related wear and tear that affects the discs, joints, and bones of the neck. It can lead to stiffness, chronic neck pain, bone spur formation, and narrowing around the nerves or spinal cord.

Cervical myelopathy occurs when the spinal cord itself becomes compressed. Because the spinal cord carries signals between the brain and the rest of the body, compression can cause symptoms beyond neck pain, including difficulty walking, balance problems, loss of hand coordination, weakness, and changes in bowel or bladder function. Cervical myelopathy is generally considered more serious than nerve root compression alone and requires evaluation by a neurosurgeon.

Cervical radiculopathy occurs when a cervical nerve root becomes compressed or irritated. Unlike cervical myelopathy, which affects the spinal cord, radiculopathy affects an individual nerve as it exits the spine. Symptoms commonly include neck pain radiating into the shoulder or arm, numbness, tingling, burning sensations, or weakness along the path of the affected nerve.

A herniated disc is a common cause of neck pain and arm symptoms, but it is not the only possible explanation for pain that radiates beyond the neck.

When a cervical disc herniates and compresses a nearby nerve root, it can cause neck pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or neck pain radiating to the arm. However, similar symptoms can also occur when nerve roots are compressed by bone spurs, cervical spinal stenosis, or other degenerative changes within the cervical spine.

Several structural conditions can produce similar symptoms, and each may require a different treatment approach. The key is determining exactly what is causing the nerve compression so that treatment addresses the underlying condition rather than simply managing symptoms.

Cervical spinal stenosis refers to narrowing within the spinal canal. Common cervical spinal stenosis causes include age-related degeneration, disc changes, bone spurs, and thickened ligaments.

Not everyone with stenosis develops symptoms. However, when narrowing begins to compress the spinal cord itself, the condition may progress to cervical myelopathy.

Cervical myelopathy occurs when the spinal cord becomes compressed. Unlike nerve root compression alone, spinal cord compression can affect balance, coordination, walking ability, hand function, and even bowel or bladder control.

Muscle soreness usually remains localized to the neck and upper shoulders. Structural conditions often produce symptoms that extend beyond the painful area. Common signs of nerve involvement include:

Problems with balance, coordination, or walking may indicate that pressure is affecting the spinal cord rather than a single nerve root.

Certain symptoms may indicate spinal cord compression rather than simple nerve irritation. These include difficulty walking, balance problems, loss of hand coordination, frequent dropping of objects, weakness in the arms or hands, or changes in bowel or bladder function.

While these symptoms do not automatically mean surgery is necessary, they do warrant prompt evaluation by a spine specialist trained to diagnose and treat spinal cord compression.

Accurate diagnosis begins with a detailed medical history and physical examination. We evaluate symptoms, neurological function, strength, reflexes, coordination, and balance to better understand the source of the problem.

Imaging studies may also be recommended, including:

The goal is not simply to identify where pain is occurring, but to determine what is causing it. That distinction helps guide the most appropriate treatment plan.

Both neurosurgeons and orthopedic spine surgeons treat cervical spine conditions, including herniated discs, spinal stenosis, nerve root compression, and cervical myelopathy. However, when symptoms involve the spinal cord or nerve roots, a neurosurgeon’s specialized training in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disorders affecting the nervous system can be particularly valuable.

Conditions such as cervical myelopathy, spinal cord compression, and complex nerve root compression require careful evaluation of both the spinal structures and their effect on neurological function. A neurosurgical evaluation can help determine whether symptoms are coming from the spinal cord, nerve roots, or another structural abnormality and whether surgery may be appropriate.

If your symptoms are worsening, radiating into your arms, causing weakness, affecting your balance, or limiting your daily activities, it may be time to seek specialist care.

At Goodman Campbell, our neurosurgeons are trained to treat both simple and complex cervical spine conditions, a level of specialization that extends beyond traditional orthopedic spine training. As a global leader in neurosurgery with access to interventional pain management physicians as well, we provide patients access to one of the most accomplished neurosurgical teams in the world, right here in Indiana.

Our team works closely with physical therapists and other specialists to identify the root structural cause of symptoms and develop an individualized treatment plan. When surgery is necessary, we offer advanced procedures, including microdiscectomy and other proven surgical techniques, supported by extensive patient outcomes data.

If you are wondering when to see a doctor for neck pain, especially when symptoms involve nerve compression, arm weakness, balance changes, or possible spinal cord involvement, early evaluation can help prevent further progression.

Learn more about cervical spine treatment options at https://www.goodmancampbell.com/treatments/spine-care/cervical/ or request an appointment with our team to discuss your symptoms.

Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine is proud to welcome Dr. Daniel E. Oyon to our neurosurgical team serving patients at ProHealth in Waukesha, Wisconsin. A cranial and spine surgeon, Dr. Oyon brings a broad range of neurosurgical expertise, a special interest in brain tumor care, and a deeply compassionate approach to helping patients navigate some of the most challenging diagnoses they may face.

For Dr. Oyon, becoming a neurosurgeon was a path that began early in life and grew from a longstanding interest in science, medicine and helping others.

Although Dr. Oyon is the first physician in his family, an interest in medicine developed at a young age.

“As a boy, when asked what I wanted to be when I grew up, I would say that I wanted to be a surgeon,” he says. “I knew that I wanted to help people and to do so with my hands.”

That interest became more focused during his undergraduate education at Emory University, where he studied neuroscience. During medical school, an introduction to neurosurgery through his medical school’s neurosurgery interest group helped solidify his career path.

Seeing the complexity and precision involved in brain surgery confirmed that neurosurgery was the right fit.

Today, Dr. Oyon’s clinical interests span both cranial and spine surgery, with a particular passion for the treatment of brain tumors.

He is especially drawn to complex cases that require careful planning and an individualized approach. Because every patient and every brain tumor is different, he believes treatment should be tailored to the specific diagnosis, circumstances and goals of the individual.

While brain tumor surgery is a particular area of interest, Dr. Oyon also enjoys spine surgery and strives to maintain a broad range of neurosurgical skills. His goal is to provide patients with thoughtful, comprehensive surgical care across a variety of cranial and spine conditions.

Dr. Oyon is also excited about the continued evolution of neurosurgery and the opportunities emerging through new technologies.

From image-guided navigation and minimally invasive techniques to neuroendoscopy and other advances, technology continues to expand the tools available to neurosurgeons and their patients.

He is particularly interested in the potential applications of artificial intelligence in neurosurgery, including ways emerging technologies may support surgical planning, decision-making and patient care.

“I believe that neurosurgery has incredible potential in the realm of innovation,” he says. “The field is constantly evolving, and I would love to be a part of that continued progress.”

Joining Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine was a natural fit for Dr. Oyon, who was drawn to the practice’s combination of clinical expertise, collaboration and commitment to patient care.

He was particularly impressed by the welcoming environment and the opportunity to work alongside experienced neurosurgeons and a multidisciplinary team.

As part of the Goodman Campbell team, Dr. Oyon looks forward to building relationships with patients and colleagues while contributing his expertise to the growing neurosurgical community in Wisconsin.

Outside of the operating room, family is at the center of Dr. Oyon’s life. He and his wife, Amanda, are enjoying life with their newborn son, Vincent.

When he has time for himself, Dr. Oyon enjoys weightlifting and powerlifting, hiking, playing sports and snowboarding. He is also an avid reader with a particular interest in fantasy, science fiction, nonfiction and biographies.

Food and travel are additional passions, and he enjoys exploring new cuisines and traveling internationally whenever possible

Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine is proud to welcome Dr. Barrett E. Schwartz to our team. A fellowship-trained neurosurgeon specializing in spine care, Dr. Schwartz will begin seeing patients at our Carmel office before transitioning to our new Whitestown location once opened. His addition expands access to exceptional spine care for patients throughout Boone County and the surrounding communities.

With a passion for treating everything from degenerative spine conditions to complex spinal tumors and traumatic injuries, Dr. Schwartz is committed to helping patients regain function, restore hope, and move forward after some of life’s most challenging moments.

Medicine has always been part of Dr. Schwartz’s life. Growing up with a father who practiced as an orthopedic spine surgeon, he had a front-row seat to the compassion and dedication that define exceptional patient care.

“Some of my earliest memories were rounding on my dad’s patients in the hospital and driving with him to see emergencies. I loved watching how he interacted with patients, how caring he was, and how much comfort they found in his words.”

Although he ultimately chose neurosurgery over orthopedics, his father’s guidance remained invaluable throughout his training.

“Having him as a sounding board, especially from a different perspective, has been invaluable.”

For Dr. Schwartz, joining Goodman Campbell is a full-circle moment.

Long before medical school, he observed his first brain surgery with Dr. Troy Payner. As a medical student, he assisted in surgery with Dr. Richard Rodgers and Dr. Charles Kulwin. Later, seeing his first intradural spinal tumor with Dr. Horn solidified his decision to pursue neurosurgery.

While Dr. Schwartz treats the full spectrum of spinal conditions, he has a special passion for neurotrauma.

“It is one of our biggest responsibilities as physicians to counsel patients through some of the worst moments they may ever experience. I see that responsibility as an opportunity to help patients realize that things may be different after these life-changing events, but their worst day does not have to define the rest of their life.”

His perspective became even more meaningful during residency when he experienced a serious sports injury that required emergency surgery, months of rehabilitation, and learning to walk again.

“That experience gave me a greater appreciation for how important our role is in helping patients through these situations.”

In addition to traumatic injuries, Dr. Schwartz specializes in treating degenerative spine disease, spinal deformities, and spinal tumors with individualized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s needs.

Dr. Schwartz believes the future of neurosurgery lies in treating every patient as an individual.

His goal is to continue advancing patient care while ensuring each person receives treatment designed specifically for their unique condition and goals.

Outside of the operating room, Dr. Schwartz enjoys spending time with his wife and their two young children.

A lifelong Indiana sports fan, he’s looking forward to cheering on his favorite teams in person again. He’s also a music enthusiast and enjoys introducing his wife, who is new to Indiana, to some of his favorite live music venues for date nights.

Another unexpected passion is gardening. “I’ve really come to enjoy growing some of the hottest peppers I can find.”

Before attending medical school, Dr. Schwartz worked as a chemist in the pharmaceutical industry, and he credits gardening as the perfect blend of science, routine, and relaxation.

“The daily ritual of watering, pruning, and soil testing has become a great way to unwind after a long day. It’s even become something my two-year-old son and I enjoy doing together.”

Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine is proud to welcome Dr. Nishit Mummareddy to our physician team. As a neurosurgeon who completed an endovascular fellowship, Dr. Mummareddy offers patients a unique combination of surgical expertise and minimally invasive, image-guided treatments for complex neurological conditions.

His specialized training allows him to approach each patient’s care from multiple perspectives, providing comprehensive treatment options while helping advance the future of neurosurgical care.

Dr. Mummareddy’s path to medicine began long before medical school.

When he was young, his father suffered a stroke. Watching the physicians who cared for him left a lasting impression that ultimately shaped his future.

“Seeing how my father’s physicians helped him recover both physically and emotionally inspired me to pursue a career in medicine.”

His father’s experience also fueled a fascination with the complexity of the nervous system.

“All of the major organs can be transplanted except the brain and spine, which speaks to their complexity and importance.”

Combining his passion for science and working with his hands, neurosurgery became the perfect fit. His additional specialty training in neuro-endovascular techniques allows him to offer expertise in both traditional neurosurgical approaches and minimally invasive treatments for complex conditions affecting the brain and blood vessels.

For Dr. Mummareddy, Goodman Campbell represents more than an exceptional practice. It represents a tradition of innovation and compassionate care.

“I feel very fortunate to be joining the Goodman Campbell family and look forward to serving our patients.”

As a neurosurgeon with a specialty area in endovascular care, Dr. Mummareddy is especially passionate about this rapidly evolving field in neurosurgery.

Using minimally invasive techniques, physicians can now treat many neurological conditions through tiny catheters guided within blood vessels, reducing recovery times and expanding treatment possibilities for patients.

“Over the past two decades, conditions such as ischemic stroke, once thought to have little role for surgical intervention, are now being treated very effectively with minimally invasive neurointerventional procedures.”

He believes the future holds even greater possibilities.

“I believe this field will continue to expand and transform the treatment of many neurological conditions, including hydrocephalus, paralysis, tumors, and headaches.”

Being part of that innovation while helping patients access advanced treatment options is what excites him most.

Dr. Mummareddy’s vision for the future extends beyond technology alone.

He hopes to contribute to meaningful conversations surrounding healthcare economics and the long-term sustainability of medicine, always with the goal of improving patient outcomes.

When he’s not caring for patients, Dr. Mummareddy enjoys spending time with his wife, family, and friends.

Together they are avid sports fans who enjoy attending basketball games, playing tennis, traveling, discovering new restaurants, and staying active whenever they can.

We’re excited to welcome Dr. Nishit Mummareddy to Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine.

If you are researching who is a good candidate for MRI-guided focused ultrasound, chances are you or a loved one has a tremor that has started interfering with daily life in ways that are difficult to ignore. Eating, writing, drinking from a cup, or completing routine tasks may no longer feel simple or predictable.

For many Indiana-area patients exploring MRI-guided high-frequency focused ultrasound in Indianapolis, their biggest question is not “What is the procedure?” but rather, “Do I qualify?” Understanding the MRgFUS eligibility criteria can help you take the next step with greater confidence and clarity.

The two FDA-approved indications for MRI-guided focused ultrasound are essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease. Essential tremor remains the most common reason patients pursue this type of noninvasive tremor treatment.

In general, MRI-guided focused ultrasound essential tremor candidacy is considered for patients whose tremors significantly affect independence and quality of life (i.e. eating, writing, drinking, basic tasks). If prior treatment, like medications, have not provided adequate relief, and tremors continue to interfere with daily activities, you may be a potential candidate.

Patients searching for essential tremor treatment qualifications or wondering who qualifies should know that candidacy is determined through a formal neurosurgical evaluation.

Several medical and physical factors help determine whether someone is a candidate for focused ultrasound for essential tremor.

During the evaluation process, our team reviews factors such as:

Some patients may also have MRgFUS contraindications related to MRI-incompatible implants, such as certain pacemakers or neurostimulators. However, these factors are evaluated carefully during consultation and should never be viewed as reasons to automatically rule yourself out.

One of the most common topics patients research is MRgFUS skull density.

MRI-guided focused ultrasound works by directing ultrasound energy through the skull with a high degree of precision. Some patients’ skull anatomy limits how effectively ultrasound waves can pass through bone. This is measured through something called the skull density ratio, or SDR.

A CT scan performed during the MRgFUS evaluation process helps determine whether the skull structure allows for safe and effective treatment. This is not something patients can determine on their own. Evaluation by an experienced functional neurosurgery team is the best way to get accurate answers.

A candidacy evaluation typically includes a review of tremor severity, overall health, medical history, and diagnostic imaging.. Patients meet with our neurosurgery team to determine whether MRI-guided focused ultrasound is an appropriate treatment option based on their individual condition, treatment history, and imaging findings. 

The goal is to ensure that each patient receives a treatment recommendation tailored to their specific condition, health history, and goals. 

Patients and referring physicians have direct access to our team so you can get answers without unnecessary delays.

When comparing focused ultrasound vs. deep brain stimulation, the primary difference is that deep brain stimulation involves implanted electrodes and a small chest device, while MRgFUS requires no incisions, no implanted hardware, and no general anesthesia.

Both are FDA-approved treatment options. For many patients, MRI-guided focused ultrasound is appealing because it offers an incisionless approach. The right option depends on your symptoms, goals, imaging, and overall health.

At Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, our neurosurgeons specialize in highly complex functional neurosurgery procedures requiring years of advanced training focused specifically on the brain, spine, and nervous system. That level of specialization matters when evaluating patients for precision brain procedures.

As a global leader in neurosurgery, clinical research and physician training in the United States, we are proud to provide world-class care for patients facing essential tremor or tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease — right here in Indiana. If you are considering MRI-guided focused ultrasound, our team can help you better understand your options and whether you may be a candidate. To take the next step, request an appointment with Goodman Campbell functional neurosurgeon Mark Hoeprich, MD, by calling 317-338-9660. Dr. Hoeprich sees patients at Ascension St. Vincent – Indianapolis Functional Neurosurgery.

If tremors have begun interfering with your ability to write, eat, work, or maintain your independence, you may be wondering whether newer treatment options exist beyond traditional surgery. Today, the list of MRI-guided focused ultrasound conditions treated includes essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson’s disease. This noninvasive approach is changing how we think about functional neurosurgery tremor care.

MRI-guided high-frequency focused ultrasound offers an incisionless way to target the abnormal brain activity responsible for tremors without implants or open surgery.

MRI-guided focused ultrasound, sometimes called MRgFUS, is a noninvasive, incisionless procedure used to treat tremors. It uses highly focused sound waves to precisely target a small area within the brain. Unlike traditional diagnostic ultrasound, this technology uses high-intensity energy designed specifically for treatment.

Real-time MRI imaging allows our neurosurgeon to identify the exact treatment target while also monitoring tissue temperature throughout the procedure for precision and safety. No incisions, implants, or general anesthesia are required.

For patients exploring focused ultrasound for tremors, the appeal is often straightforward: treatment without open brain surgery.

Deep brain stimulation requires implanted electrodes and surgical hardware. MRI-guided focused ultrasound for tremor treatment requires no craniotomy, no implanted devices, and no overnight hospital stay.

Patients remain awake during treatment and can communicate with the physician in real time. Most people return home the same day and resume normal activities within days, making it an appealing alternative to deep brain stimulation for appropriately selected patients.

MRI-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) is FDA approved for the treatment of certain movement disorders, including essential tremor and specific symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease.

For essential tremor, MRgFUS is used for patients with tremors who have not responded adequately to medication or who cannot tolerate medication. The procedure targets the ventral intermediate nucleus (VIM) of the thalamus, an area involved in regulating movement signals. By creating a precise, targeted lesion, MRgFUS can disrupt abnormal brain activity associated with tremor.

MRgFUS is also FDA approved for certain patients with Parkinson’s disease. Procedure types include unilateral treatment of tremor associated with Parkinson’s disease and unilateral pallidotomy for Parkinson’s disease patients with symptoms such as dyskinesia and motor fluctuations.

General MRgFUS candidacy requirements include:

Some patients may not qualify, including those unable to undergo MRI due to certain implants (e.g., pacemakers or certain metallic implants), difficulties with severe claustrophobia, pregnancy, or specific skull anatomy considerations. The best way to determine candidacy is through a personalized consultation with a functional neurosurgery specialist.

Before treatment, patients undergo imaging and a comprehensive evaluation to confirm candidacy for MRI-guided focused ultrasound. On the day of treatment, the head is shaved, a lightweight frame is put around the head to help guide treatment, and MRI imaging is used to identify the precise treatment target.

The treatment process typically takes several hours, often 3–4 hours from preparation through completion. Patients remain awake during the procedure while the surgery team uses MRI guidance to deliver carefully controlled ultrasound energy monitor treatment effects, including tremor improvement in real time.

Many patients experience improvement in tremor symptoms immediately after this incisionless tremor treatment and are able to return home the same day. Results are often long-lasting, though every patient’s experience is unique.

At Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, our functional neurosurgeon specializes in advanced functional neurosurgery procedures. As a global leader in neurosurgery, clinical research and training, we are proud to offer essential tremor treatment options and MRI-guided high-frequency focused ultrasound in Indianapolis. Our approach is centered on identifying and treating the root cause of tremors, rather than simply managing symptoms, helping patients pursue meaningful, long-term improvement in daily life.

Patients and referring physicians have direct access to the Goodman Campbell team, allowing for close collaboration and streamlined communication throughout the process. 

To learn more about focused ultrasound and candidacy, request an appointment with Goodman Campbell functional neurosurgeon Mark Hoeprich, MD, by calling 317-338-9660. Dr. Hoeprich sees patients at Ascension St. Vincent – Indianapolis Functional Neurosurgery. request an appointment with Dr. Hoeprich, call 317-338-9660.